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Phage and MLVA Typing of S almonella Enteritidis Isolated from Layers and Humans in B elgium from 2000–2010, A Period in which Vaccination of Laying Hens was Introduced
Author(s) -
Dewaele I.,
Heyndrickx M.,
Rasschaert G.,
Bertrand S.,
Wildemauwe C.,
Wattiau P.,
Imberechts H.,
Herman L.,
Ducatelle R.,
Van Weyenberg S.,
De Reu K.
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
zoonoses and public health
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.87
H-Index - 65
eISSN - 1863-2378
pISSN - 1863-1959
DOI - 10.1111/zph.12084
Subject(s) - multiple loci vntr analysis , salmonella enteritidis , population , biology , serotype , vaccination , variable number tandem repeat , microbiology and biotechnology , salmonella , veterinary medicine , virology , demography , genetics , medicine , genotype , bacteria , sociology , gene
Summary The aim of the study was to characterize isolates of S almonella enterica serovar E nteritidis ( S . E nteritidis) obtained from humans and layer farms in B elgium collected during 2000–2010. Three periods were compared, namely (i) before implementation of vaccination (2000–2004), (ii) during voluntary vaccination (2005–2006) and (iii) during implementation of the national control program ( NCP ) for S almonella including mandatory vaccination against S . E nteritidis (2007–2010). The characteristics compared across time periods were distributions of phage type and multiple‐locus variable number tandem‐repeat assay ( MLVA ). While PT 4 and PT 21 were predominantly isolated in B elgium in layers and humans before 2007, a significant reduction of those PT s was observed in both populations in the period 2007–2010. The relative proportion of PT 4b, PT 21c and PT 6c was found to have increased considerably in the layer population since 2007. In the human population, PT 8, PT 1 and the group of ‘other’ PT s were more frequently isolated compared to the previous periods. When comparing the proportion of the predominant MLVA types Q 2 and U 2, no significant difference was found between the layer and human population in the three periods and between periods within each category (layer and human). A significant difference in isolate distribution among MLVA clusters I and II was found between human and layer isolates recovered during P eriod 3 and in the human population between P eriod 1 and 3. Results suggest that the association between S . E nteritidis in layers and the occurrence of the pathogen in humans changed since implementation of the NCP in 2007.