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Effects of Brief Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia on Improving Depression Among Community‐Dwelling Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Comparative Study
Author(s) -
Tanaka Mika,
Kusaga Mari,
Nyamathi Adey M,
Tanaka Katsutoshi
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
worldviews on evidence‐based nursing
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.052
H-Index - 49
eISSN - 1741-6787
pISSN - 1545-102X
DOI - 10.1111/wvn.12342
Subject(s) - depression (economics) , cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia , randomized controlled trial , insomnia , cognitive behavioral therapy , cognition , clinical psychology , psychology , medicine , psychiatry , gerontology , surgery , economics , macroeconomics
Abstract Background Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia ( CBT ‐I) has been shown to improve depressive symptoms in older adults with comorbid insomnia and depression. However, it remains unclear whether brief CBT ‐I is effective for improving depressive symptoms in community‐dwelling older adults with insomnia symptoms of varying severity. Aim This study sought to examine the effectiveness of a brief CBT ‐I intervention delivered by public health nurses to improve depressive symptoms among older adults recruited from a community setting. Methods This randomized controlled study compared sleep status and depression at baseline and a 3‐month follow‐up using a wait‐list control design. Depression was evaluated using the Geriatric Depression Scale short form ( GDS ‐ SF ). Results The GDS ‐ SF scores in the CBT ‐I group improved over time ( p < .01), with an effect size (Cohen's d ) of 0.34 (95% CI [0.16, 0.58]). The results demonstrated the effectiveness of a brief CBT ‐I intervention for depression, although the effect size was small. Linking Evidence to Action A brief CBT‐I intervention consisting of sleep hygiene education, stimulus control, sleep restriction, cognitive restructuring, and relaxation is effective for improving depressive symptoms among older adults in the community.