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The Association Between Self‐Management Barriers and Self‐Efficacy in Chinese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: The Mediating Role of Appraisal
Author(s) -
Cheng Li,
Sit Janet W.H.,
Leung Doris Y.P.,
Li Xiaomei
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
worldviews on evidence‐based nursing
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.052
H-Index - 49
eISSN - 1741-6787
pISSN - 1545-102X
DOI - 10.1111/wvn.12159
Subject(s) - structural equation modeling , diabetes mellitus , self efficacy , coping (psychology) , diabetes management , medicine , psychology , type 2 diabetes , association (psychology) , clinical psychology , social psychology , endocrinology , statistics , mathematics , psychotherapist
Background Patients with higher levels of self‐management barriers are more likely to exhibit a lower level of self‐efficacy. However, the theoretically meaningful mechanisms underlying the association between the two variables have not yet been established. Aims Informed by the Transactional Model of Stress and Coping, this study aimed to examine the potential role of diabetes appraisal on the association of self‐management barriers and self‐efficacy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods This article presents the secondary data analyses of a multicenter, cross‐sectional study. A sample of 346 adults with type 2 diabetes was interviewed, using the Personal Diabetes Questionnaire, the Appraisal of Diabetes scale, the Diabetes Empowerment Scale‐Short Form, and the Summary of Diabetes Self‐Care Activities. Structure equation modeling was performed with 10,000 bootstrap samples using Mplus 7. Results The hypothesized model provided a good fit to the data (χ 2 = 22.975, df = 33; p = .1144; CFI = 0.989; SRMR = 0.036; RMSEA = 0.042). The mediating effect of diabetes appraisal on the association of self‐management barriers and self‐efficacy was significant (β = ‐0.521; 95% CI: ‐0.865, ‐0.283), explaining 44.82% of the total effect of barriers on self‐efficacy. Significant associations were also detected between diet knowledge and diabetes appraisal (β = 0.148, p = .047). Linking Evidence to Action Diabetes appraisal plays a mediating role in the association between self‐management barriers and self‐efficacy in patients with type 2 diabetes. Reflecting on patients’ appraisal of diabetes can help to develop evidence‐based and patient‐centered interventions. Interventions that enhance individuals’ positive appraisal of diabetes have the potential to buffer the negative effects of self‐management barriers on self‐efficacy.