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Current applications of platelet gels in wound healing—A review
Author(s) -
Wang Shujun,
Yang Jie,
Zhao Guangchao,
Liu Ran,
Du Ying,
Cai Zhimei,
Luan Jianfeng,
Shen Yanfei,
Chen Baoan
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
wound repair and regeneration
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.847
H-Index - 109
eISSN - 1524-475X
pISSN - 1067-1927
DOI - 10.1111/wrr.12896
Subject(s) - platelet , wound healing , hemostasis , medicine , regeneration (biology) , immune system , animal studies , thrombin , clinical trial , immunology , pathology , surgery , biology , microbiology and biotechnology
Abstract Human platelets play important roles in several physiologic and pathologic processes. Platelet concentrates are activated with thrombin or calcium, resulting in a viscous coagulum (platelet gel [PG]), composed of 95% platelets at least. PG is increasingly used for the treatment of a variety of soft and hard tissue defects, most notably in the management of chronic non‐healing wounds. During wound healing, platelets not only play a critical role in primary hemostasis and thrombosis, but also release growth factors and cytokines to promote tissue regeneration, enhance collagen synthesis, and trigger an immune response. This review addresses a variety of aspects relevant to the functions of well‐known platelet growth factors, animal and clinical studies of PG in the last decade, and different sources of platelets for PG. PG is used for non‐healing chronic wounds, such as oral ulcerations related to epidermolysis bullosa and chronic graft‐versus‐host disease, for those, the traditional treatment effect is poor. PG maybe provide a new therapeutic direction for these diseases. Nevertheless, some uncertainty is present, the number of clinical studies is not enough. Hence, randomized controlled trials are still required to study the potential of the use of PG in the near future.