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The effects of magnesium and vitamin E co‐supplementation on wound healing and metabolic status in patients with diabetic foot ulcer: A randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial
Author(s) -
Afzali Hassan,
Jafari Kashi Amir Hosein,
MomenHeravi Mansooreh,
Razzaghi Reza,
Amirani Elaheh,
Bahmani Fereshteh,
Gilasi Hamid Reza,
Asemi Zatollah
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
wound repair and regeneration
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.847
H-Index - 109
eISSN - 1524-475X
pISSN - 1067-1927
DOI - 10.1111/wrr.12701
Subject(s) - medicine , placebo , diabetic foot ulcer , gastroenterology , randomized controlled trial , diabetes mellitus , vitamin d and neurology , vitamin , diabetic foot , vitamin e , insulin resistance , insulin , surgery , endocrinology , antioxidant , chemistry , alternative medicine , pathology , biochemistry
This study was carried out to determine the effects of magnesium and vitamin E co‐supplementation on wound healing and metabolic status in patients with diabetic foot ulcer (DFU). The current randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial was conducted among 57 patients with grade 3 DFU. Participants were randomly divided into two groups to take either 250 mg magnesium oxide plus 400 IU vitamin E ( n = 29) or placebo per day ( n = 28) for 12 weeks. Compared with the placebo, taking magnesium plus vitamin E supplements reduced ulcer length ( β [difference in the mean of outcomes measures between treatment groups] −0.56 cm; 95% CI, −0.92, −0.20; p = 0.003), width ( β −0.35 cm; 95% CI, −0.64, −0.05; p = 0.02) and depth ( β −0.18 cm; 95% CI, −0.33, −0.02; p = 0.02). In addition, co‐supplementation led to a significant reduction in fasting plasma glucose ( β −13.41 mg/dL; 95% CI, −20.96, −5.86; p = 0.001), insulin ( β −1.45 μIU/ml; 95% CI, −2.37, −0.52; p = 0.003), insulin resistance ( β −0.60; 95% CI, −0.99, −0.20; p = 0.003) and HbA1c ( β −0.32%; 95% CI, −0.48, −0.16; p < 0.003), and a significant elevation in insulin sensitivity ( β 0.007; 95% CI, 0.003, 0.01; p < 0.001) compared with the placebo. Additionally, compared with the placebo, taking magnesium plus vitamin E supplements decreased triglycerides ( β −10.08 mg/dL; 95% CI, −19.70, −0.46; p = 0.04), LDL‐cholesterol ( β −5.88 mg/dL; 95% CI, −11.42, −0.34; p = 0.03), high sensitivity C‐reactive protein (hs‐CRP) ( β −3.42 mg/L; 95% CI, −4.44, −2.41; p < 0.001) and malondialdehyde (MDA) ( β −0.30 μmol/L; 95% CI, −0.45, −0.15; p < 0.001), and increased HDL‐cholesterol ( β 2.62 mg/dL; 95% CI, 0.60, 4.63; p = 0.01) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levels ( β 53.61 mmol/L; 95% CI, 4.65, 102.57; p = 0.03). Overall, magnesium and vitamin E co‐supplementation for 12 weeks to patients with DFU had beneficial effects on ulcer size, glycemic control, triglycerides, LDL‐ and HDL‐cholesterol, hs‐CRP, TAC, and MDA levels.