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Evaluation of clinical and laboratory correlates of sickle leg ulcers
Author(s) -
Madu Anazoeze Jude,
Ubesie Agozie,
Madu Kenechi Anthony,
Okwor Bismarck,
Anigbo Chukwudi
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
wound repair and regeneration
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.847
H-Index - 109
eISSN - 1524-475X
pISSN - 1067-1927
DOI - 10.1111/wrr.12100
Subject(s) - medicine , hematocrit , gastroenterology , white blood cell , anemia , sickle cell anemia , disease , bilirubin , hemoglobin
The exact mechanism for the occurrence of sickle leg ulcers ( SLUs ) has not been fully explained, although, popular opinion supports a multifactorial etio‐pathogenetic process. Leg ulceration in sickle cell is a chronic and debilitating condition which is difficult to treat and may worsen the psychosocial impact of this illness. This study aims to evaluate the laboratory and clinical correlates of SLUs . One hundred sixty‐seven patients who had been diagnosed with sickle cell anemia (homozygous S ) had their steady‐state hemoglobin concentration (Hb), hematocrit, white cell count, platelet count, serum bilirubin, and aspartate transaminase ( AST ) as well as frequency of crisis per annum evaluated with respect to their relationship to the occurrence of leg ulcers. They were aged 6–53 years (mean age 24.3 years), and prevalence of leg ulcer was found to be 2.75 per 1000 (2.54 per 1000 in females and 2.83 per 1000 in males). The independent sample t ‐test showed a significant difference in the serum AST levels in those with SLU ( p = 0.029), though a positive correlation did not exist. Other predictors of disease severity found to have positive relationship with each other were the AST and total serum bilirubin 0.207 ( p = 0.012); Hb and age 0.130 ( p = 0.035); Hb and white cell count −0.159 ( p = 0.010), white cell count and age −0.113 ( p = 0.018). SLUs do not occur in patients with severe disease in sickle cell. The clinical and laboratory indicators of severe sickle cell disease do not correlate positively with the occurrence of SLU . Serum AST may have a relationship with leg ulceration in these patients. Environmental factors most likely play a major part in the etiopathogenesis of leg ulcer and this may require further studies in different sociocultural settings.