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Rising CO 2 can alter fodder–weed interactions and suppression of Parthenium hysterophorus
Author(s) -
Khan N,
George D,
Shabbir A,
Hanif Z,
Adkins S W
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
weed research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.693
H-Index - 74
eISSN - 1365-3180
pISSN - 0043-1737
DOI - 10.1111/wre.12127
Subject(s) - parthenium hysterophorus , fodder , shoot , weed , botany , biology , biomass (ecology) , chemistry , agronomy
Summary Three C 4 grass ( Setaria incrassata , Astrebla squarrosa and Bothriochloa decipiens ) and one C 3 legume ( Clitoria ternatea ) suppressive fodder species, were re‐evaluated against the growth of the C 3 Parthenium hysterophorus under an ambient (390 μmol mol −1 ) and an elevated atmospheric CO 2 concentration (550 μmol mol −1 ). Under the elevated atmospheric CO 2 , shoot dry biomass and suppression index ( SI ) value of the C 4 S. incrassata were both reduced by 32% and 0.7 respectively, while those for A. squarrosa were reduced by 23% and 0.3. In contrast and under the same elevated atmospheric CO 2 concentration, the shoot dry biomass and SI of the C 4 B . decipiens were increased by 8% and 0.1 respectively, while those for the C 3 C. ternatea were increased by 38% and 0.8. Our results suggest that C 3 fodder plants along with certain C 4 species could be utilised for the effective management of P . hysterophorus under the future elevated atmospheric CO 2 conditions. However, this system needs more fodder species to be investigated. Our results suggest that rising CO 2 per se may alter the efficacy of suppressive fodder management of an invasive C 3 species, P . hysterophorus .