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Different breeding systems of three varieties of B idens pilosa in T aiwan
Author(s) -
Huang YL,
Kao WY
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
weed research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.693
H-Index - 74
eISSN - 1365-3180
pISSN - 0043-1737
DOI - 10.1111/wre.12060
Subject(s) - radiata , biology , bidens pilosa , botany , pollen , ovule , gynoecium , pinus radiata , horticulture , vigna , stamen
Summary Three varieties of the introduced B idens pilosa ( H airy beggar‐ticks; A steraceae) co‐exist in T aiwan. B idens pilosa var. minor and var. pilosa are naturalised, while only var. radiata is invasive. Differences in seed set in bagged versus open‐pollinated capitula, pollen–pistil interactions and the pollen/ovule (P/O) ratio were investigated among these three varieties. In contrast with the resulting 45–55% seed set in each bagged capitulum of var. minor and var. pilosa , almost no mature seeds (1–2 seeds) were found in bagged capitula of var. radiata , showing that var. radiata has a low capability of autonomous seed production. In bagged capitula, only 1.5% of pistils of var. radiata , but 76% and 52% of those of var. minor and pilosa, respectively, had pollen tubes penetrating into their styles, suggesting that var. radiata has strong self‐incompatibility mechanisms preventing autonomous autogamy. The P/O ratio, with mean values of 8189, 2053 and 1613 for var. radiata , var. minor and var. pilosa, respectively, were counted. These results support the hypothesis that the three varieties bear different breeding systems; the invasive var. radiata is highly self‐incompatible, whereas the other two naturalised varieties are self‐compatible.