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Joint stability after canine cranial cruciate ligament graft reconstruction varies among femoral fixation sites
Author(s) -
HoEckart Louisa K.,
Seki Masahiro,
Luizza Lindsey,
Kearney Michael T.,
Lopez Mandi J.
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
veterinary surgery
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.652
H-Index - 79
eISSN - 1532-950X
pISSN - 0161-3499
DOI - 10.1111/vsu.12609
Subject(s) - medicine , anatomy , fixation (population genetics) , cruciate ligament , cadaver , tibia , femur , hamstring , displacement (psychology) , ligament , knee joint , orthodontics , population , anterior cruciate ligament , surgery , psychology , environmental health , psychotherapist
Objective To quantify stability in cranial cruciate ligament (CrCL) deficient canine stifles with hamstring grafts affixed at 3 femoral locations. Study Design Canine stifle motion study using a multi‐cohort, repeated measures design. Sample Population 27 canine cadaver stifles. Methods Hamstring grafts (HG) were affixed at the gracilis‐semitendinosus insertion and on the lateral femur (1) proximal trochlear ridge (TR), (2) craniodistal to fabella (F), or (3) condyle center (CC). Total, cranial, and caudal tibial translation and total, medial, and lateral angular displacement, with and without translational load, were quantified with the CrCL intact, transected, and reconstructed. Angular displacement was quantified from points on the distal femur and proximal tibia. Graft strain was calculated from tissue displacement measured at joint angles of 30°, 60°, 90°, and 120°. Results Tibial translation was lowest in F constructs, which also achieved the least difference in tibial translation from intact stifles. Tibial translation was lower in intact stifles than in CrCL transected or reconstructed stifles. Less angular displacement of the proximal tibia was detected in the medial than in the lateral direction, and tibial displacement was lower in the cranial than the caudal direction. Angular displacement was lowest in the F treatment group. F constructs had the lowest graft strain at joint angles greater than 30°. Conclusions Femoral fixation of a canine hamstring graft craniodistal to the lateral fabella conferred the best joint stability and lowest graft strain in vitro. No fixation method restored joint stability of the intact CrCL.