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In Vitro Biomechanical Testing of the Tube Knot
Author(s) -
Chang Stephany,
Dong Fanglong,
Lagman Minette,
Schmidt Peggy L.,
Irizarry Kristopher L.,
Schulz David,
Fahie Maria A.
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
veterinary surgery
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.652
H-Index - 79
eISSN - 1532-950X
pISSN - 0161-3499
DOI - 10.1111/vsu.12529
Subject(s) - ultimate tensile strength , elongation , medicine , universal testing machine , polypropylene , knot (papermaking) , composite material , tensile testing , crimp , stiffness , materials science
Objective To compare in vitro biomechanical properties of the tube knot (TB) to a crimp clamp (CC) system, and square knot (SQ) using 3 monofilament materials. Study Design In vitro biomechanical study. Sample Population Suture loops (n=20 per material/knot construct). Methods Monotonic tensile loading (300 mm/min single pull to failure) was performed on knots tied using 3 knots (TB, 5‐throw SQ, and CC system) with each of 3 materials (40# Securos® nylon, #2 polypropylene, and #2 nylon). Ultimate tensile strength, elongation, and stiffness were measured and compared by sequential 1‐ and 2‐way ANOVA. Results Ultimate tensile strength was greatest with 40# nylon CC (mean ± SD, 293.6 ± 26.2 N), followed by TB (289.8 ± 9.2 N) and SQ (252.2 ± 8.5 N) with no significant difference between CC and TB. TB with #2 polypropylene (158.1 ± 7.4 N) and #2 nylon (126.3 ± 5.5 N) had significantly greater tensile strength than SQ with #2 polypropylene (143.6 ± 5.3 N) and #2 nylon (110.7 ± 6.2 N). Elongation at failure was significantly greater in 40# nylon TB (25.3 ± 3.2 mm) and SQ (10.8 ± 1.6 mm) compared to CC (5.3 ± 1.0 mm). Both material and knotting method had an effect on ultimate tensile strength, elongation at failure, and stiffness, based on 2‐way ANOVA. Conclusion Ultimate tensile strength of TB was equivalent to that of CC; however, elongation at failure was greatest for TB, which may be of concern for clinical applications.