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Cytokine and Growth Factor Concentrations in Canine Autologous Conditioned Serum
Author(s) -
Sawyere Dominique M.,
Lanz Otto I.,
Dahlgren Linda A.,
Barry Sabrina L.,
Nichols Anne C.,
Werre Stephen R.
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
veterinary surgery
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.652
H-Index - 79
eISSN - 1532-950X
pISSN - 0161-3499
DOI - 10.1111/vsu.12506
Subject(s) - medicine , cytokine , tumor necrosis factor alpha , growth factor , interleukin 6 , endocrinology , in vivo , interleukin , receptor , biology , microbiology and biotechnology
Objective To compare cytokine and growth factor concentrations in canine autologous conditioned serum (ACS) to canine plasma. Study Design Experimental in vivo study. Animals Client‐owned, adult dogs (n=22). Methods Blood collected from 16 medium to large breed dogs was used to produce ACS (Orthokine ® vet irap 10 syringes) and citrated plasma (control). Canine‐specific ELISA assays were run per manufacturers’ instructions for interleukin (IL)‐10, IL‐4, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α, insulin‐like growth factor (IGF)‐1, fibroblast growth factor (FGF)‐2, transforming growth factor (TGF)‐β1, IL‐1β, and interleukin‐1 receptor antagonist (IL‐1ra). Serum, in addition to plasma and ACS, was collected from an additional 6 dogs for TNF‐α, IL‐1β, and IL‐1ra analysis (total of 22 dogs). Data were analyzed for differences in each cytokine concentration using pairwise comparisons between ACS, plasma, and serum using Wilcoxon signed‐rank tests. Significance was set at P <.05. Results There was a large variability in growth factor and cytokine concentrations in ACS and plasma for individual dogs. There were no significant differences in IL‐10, TNF‐α, IGF‐1, FGF‐2, and TGF‐β1 concentrations between ACS, plasma, and serum. The IL‐1β concentrations in ACS (median, range 46.3 pg/mL, 0–828.8) and IL‐4 (0.0 pg/mL, 0–244.1) were significantly higher than plasma (36.6 pg/mL, 0‐657.1 and 0.0 pg/mL, 0–0, respectively). The IL‐1ra concentration in ACS (median, range 3,458.9 pg/mL, 1,243.1–12,089.0) was significantly higher than plasma (692.3 pg/mL, 422.5–1,475.6). The IL‐1ra:IL‐1β ratio in ACS was significantly higher than plasma (39.9 vs. 7.2). Conclusion IL‐1ra concentrations in canine ACS were comparable to those published for people and horses and pro‐inflammatory cytokines remained low in canine ACS.