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Ex Vivo Mechanical Evaluation of a Sternal ZipFix ® Implant for Prosthetic Laryngoplasty in Horses
Author(s) -
Markwell Harry J.,
Mueller P. O. Eric
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
veterinary surgery
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.652
H-Index - 79
eISSN - 1532-950X
pISSN - 0161-3499
DOI - 10.1111/vsu.12466
Subject(s) - arytenoid cartilage , medicine , implant , laryngoplasty , prosthesis , biomechanics , preload , surgery , anatomy , larynx , hemodynamics
Objective To evaluate the properties of a ZipFix ® (ZipFix) implant in equine laryngeal cartilages. Study Design Ex vivo biomechanical study. Sample Population Equine arytenoid (n=36) and cricoid cartilages (n=18). Methods Suture bites were placed in arytenoid or cricoid cartilages using a ZipFix ® implant or a single strand of USP 5 braided polyester (TiCron™), and arytenoid and cricoid cartilages were separately subjected to single load to failure (25 N preload) or cyclic loading for 1,000 cycles, followed by single load to failure. Load, distraction, and stiffness were recorded. Results Four arytenoid‐ZipFix cartilages fractured on implant placement. Under single load, arytenoid‐ZipFix (n=9) failed at a greater mean load (359.01 ± 57.98 N) than arytenoid‐Ticron (159.11 ± 22.98 N; n=12; P <.001). Arytenoid‐ZipFix stiffness (31.32 ± 4.26 N/mm) was significantly greater than arytenoid‐Ticron (13.18 ± 2.60 N/mm; P <.001). Cricoid‐ZipFix stiffness (20.83 ± 3.37 N/mm) was significantly greater than cricoid‐Ticron (13.6 ± 3.82 N/mm; n=6; P =.006). Under cyclic load, arytenoid‐ZipFix distraction (2.53 ± 0.63 mm; n=5) was significantly less than arytenoid‐Ticron (5.06 ± 1.37 mm; n=6, P =.006). After cyclic load, arytenoid‐ZipFix failure load (295.16 ± 54.95 N) was significantly greater than arytenoid‐Ticron (127.69 ± 32.67 N; P =.002). Arytenoid‐ZipFix stiffness (35.59 ± 1.58 N/mm) was significantly greater than arytenoid‐Ticron (24.10 ± 6.85 N/mm; P =.019). Conclusion In arytenoid cartilages, the sternal ZipFix ® implant was significantly stronger and stiffer compared to a single strand of Ticron. During placement of the ZipFix ® implant, frequent arytenoid cartilage failure occurred before testing, suggesting the implant is not suitable for clinical application.