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Caudal Mandibular Bone Height and Buccal Cortical Bone Thickness Measured by Computed Tomography in Healthy Dogs
Author(s) -
Snyder Christopher J.,
Soukup Jason W.,
Drees Randi,
Tabone Tom J.
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
veterinary surgery
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.652
H-Index - 79
eISSN - 1532-950X
pISSN - 0161-3499
DOI - 10.1111/vsu.12401
Subject(s) - cortical bone , medicine , mandible (arthropod mouthpart) , premolar , buccal administration , molar , mandibular first molar , dental alveolus , anatomy , mandibular second molar , dentistry , orthodontics , biology , botany , genus
Objective To characterize bone height and buccal cortical bone thickness of the caudal mandible of healthy dogs. Study Design Prospective original study. Sample Population Client‐owned dogs (n = 36). Methods Dogs were distributed by weight into 3 groups (<10, 10–20, >20 kg). Thirteen transverse plane computed tomography images were selected for each dog based on anatomic landmarks from the 4th premolar (PM4) through the 2nd molar. On each image, bone thickness was measured along the buccal surface of both mandibles from the alveolar margin to the ventral border in 3 mm increments. The number of 3 mm increments were recorded as an estimation of mandibular height. Results Buccal bone was generally thicker ventrally in the area studied with decreasing bone thickness over both roots of PM4 and the mesial root of the 1st molar (M1). Cortical bone thickness of <2.0 mm was measured across all groups at most locations 3 mm ventral from the alveolar margin. Mandibular bone height demonstrated significantly fewer ( P < .05) 3 mm increments over the distal root of M1 in dogs >10 kg compared with the number of observations at the immediately mesial and distal locations. Conclusion Thin cortical bone overlying the mesial and distal roots of PM4 and the mesial root of M1 limits use of these areas for application of monocortical anchorage devices. Decreased mandibular bone height at mandibular M1 may create a stress riser at this location, which along with thin cortical bone may explain why this is a common area for mandibular fracture.