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Non‐transfusion‐dependent thalassaemia ( NTDT ) refers to all thalassaemia disease phenotypes that do not require regular blood transfusions for survival. Thalassaemia disorders were traditionally concentrated along the tropical belt stretching from sub‐ S aharan  A frica through the  M editerranean region and the  M iddle  E ast to  S outh and  S outh‐ E ast  A sia, but global migration has led to increased incidence in  N orth  A merica and  N orthern  E urope. Transfusionists may be familiar with β‐thalassaemia major because of the lifelong transfusions needed by these patients. Although patients with  NTDT  do not require regular transfusions for survival, they may require transfusions in some instances such as pregnancy, infection or growth failure. The complications associated with  NTDT  can be severe if not properly managed, and many are directly related to chronic anaemia. Awareness of  NTDT  is important, and this review will outline the factors that should be taken into consideration when deciding whether to initiate and properly plan for transfusion therapy in these patients in terms of transfusion interval and duration of treatment.

When to consider transfusion therapy for patients with non‐transfusion‐dependent thalassaemia