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Effect of transient warming of red blood cells for up to 24 h: in vitro characteristics in CPD /saline‐adenine‐glucose‐mannitol environment
Author(s) -
Gulliksson H.,
NordahlKällman A.S.
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
vox sanguinis
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.68
H-Index - 83
eISSN - 1423-0410
pISSN - 0042-9007
DOI - 10.1111/vox.12079
Subject(s) - haemolysis , mannitol , red blood cell , zoology , saline , chemistry , hemolysis , andrology , biochemistry , medicine , biology , immunology
Background and Objectives There are few studies on transient warming of red blood cells ( RBC s). Occasional storage outside restricted temperature range often results in destroying of the RBC unit, even after a short period of time due to national guidelines. This study evaluates the in vitro effects associated with such accidental warming on RBC s stored in saline‐adenine‐glucose‐mannitol ( SAGM ) and prepared within 8 h after blood collection. Study Design and Methods This study includes both repeated short‐term exposure of RBCs to room temperature for 6 h as wells as warming for either 6, 12, 18 or 24 h after 1 week or after 3 weeks of storage in two separate studies. RBCs were stored for 42 days. We weekly measured pH , K + , glucose, lactate, haemolysis, red cell ATP and 2,3‐diphosphoglycerate. Results The lowest individual ATP value observed in any of the groups of warmed units was 2·6 μmol/g haemoglobin. Increased haemolysis in warmed units was noted in two of the studies. None of the individual units exceeded the European maximum limit of 0·8% haemolysis. Conclusion Our results suggest that quality of RBC s after transient warming will be maintained at acceptable levels specified in standards and in previous studies. However, increased haemolysis was observed when transient warming occurred during the second part of the storage period of 6 weeks suggesting that RBC s are more vulnerable to warming by the end of storage.