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Leptospiral antibody prevalence and surgical treatment outcome in horses with Equine Recurrent Uveitis (ERU) in Switzerland
Author(s) -
Voelter Katrin,
Vial Zoe,
Pot Simon A.,
Spiess Bernhard M.
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
veterinary ophthalmology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.594
H-Index - 50
eISSN - 1463-5224
pISSN - 1463-5216
DOI - 10.1111/vop.12767
Subject(s) - medicine , leptospira , pars plana , uveitis , leptospira interrogans , vitrectomy , ophthalmology , titer , antibody titer , retinal detachment , surgery , antibody , leptospirosis , visual acuity , veterinary medicine , retinal , immunology
Objective To evaluate leptospiral antibody prevalence in 65 horses with ERU and compare outcome in 36 surgically treated eyes (2010‐2015). Procedures Retrospective data analysis of horses with ERU (n = 65). C‐ value calculation with microagglutination assay titer (MAT) results for Leptospira spp. Evaluation of follow‐up data after pars plana vitrectomy (PPV, n = 21 eyes) and suprachoroidal cyclosporine device implantation (SCDI, n = 15 eyes). Differences between groups were statistically analyzed using Fishers exact test, significance set at P < .05. Results Positive leptospiral titers were found in 28/65 blood, 31/65 aqueous humor (AH), and 19/20 vitreal (post‐PPV) samples. The most common intraocular serovars were Leptospira interrogans grippotyphosa , pomona, and bratislava. Intraocular antibody production was suspected in samples of 22 horses ( c ‐values > 1). Mean follow‐up of surgical cases was 3.8 years (PPV) and 3.4 years (SCDI). PPV was performed in 21 eyes with positive, SCDI in 15 eyes with negative leptospiral test results. Uveitis recurred less often after PPV (2/21) compared to SCDI (6/15, P = .04). Retinal detachment occurred after PPV only (5/21, SCDI 0/15, P = .06), whereas only SCDI‐treated eyes were enucleated (PPV 0/21, SCDI 3/15, P = .06). Blindness or visual impairment was equally likely to occur in both treatment groups after surgery (PPV 7/21, SCDI 7/15, P = .5). Conclusions Leptospiral antibody prevalence is high in horses with ERU in Switzerland. Recurrence of uveitis is uncommon following PPV in the present study; an increased risk of retinal detachment exists. Enucleation is more often warranted in horses after SCDI in this study due to a higher uveitis recurrence.