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The expected frequency and amount of free peritoneal fluid estimated using the abdominal FAST‐applied abdominal fluid scores in healthy adult and juvenile dogs
Author(s) -
Lisciandro Gregory R.,
Fosgate Geoffrey T.,
Romero Luis A.,
Hauke Samantha M.,
Bridgeman Courtney H.
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
journal of veterinary emergency and critical care
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.886
H-Index - 47
eISSN - 1476-4431
pISSN - 1479-3261
DOI - 10.1111/vec.13029
Subject(s) - medicine , peritoneal fluid , juvenile , abdominal fluid , prospective cohort study , surgery , genetics , biology
Objective To estimate the frequency and amount of free peritoneal fluid in juvenile and adult dogs using the abdominal focused assessment with sonography for trauma (AFAST) abdominal fluid scoring system. Design Prospective case series. Animals Healthy, privately owned juvenile and adult dogs. Procedures Dogs undergoing routine surgical sterilization were evaluated at induction with AFAST and assigned measurements and fluid scores. A surgeon scored the degree of peritoneal fluid found during ovariohysterectomy. Results Ninety‐two dogs were enrolled (46 juveniles and 46 adults). Ninety‐three percent and 52% were AFAST positive for peritoneal fluid, respectively. The AFAST‐positive view frequency for right lateral recumbency in juveniles was diaphragmatico‐hepatic (DH) 100%, spleno‐renal (SR) 20%, cysto‐colic (CC) 40%, and hepato‐renal (HR) 20% versus adults, DH 60%, SR 20%, CC 0%, and HR 0%, respectively. The AFAST‐positive view frequency for left lateral recumbency was DH 93%, SR 44%, CC 24%, and HR 12% in juveniles, and DH 50%, SR 3%, CC 3%, and HR 10% in adults. Overall abdominal fluid scores (AFS) in juvenilles were 0 ( n = 3), 1 ( n = 14), 2 ( n = 22), 3 ( n = 6), and 4 ( n = 1); and in adults, scores were 0 ( n = 22), 1 ( n = 18), 2 ( n = 6), and 3 and 4 ( n = 0). The AFS differed between adults and juveniles ( P < 0.001). Most dogs had maximum fluid dimensions ≤3 × 3 mm and width of fluid stripes ≤3 mm. The AFS was positively correlated to fluid amount observed during ovariohysterectomy with fair agreement (kappa = 0.233, P = 0.012). Conclusions and clinical relevance This study establishes the frequency and amount of free peritoneal fluid in healthy juvenile and adult dogs during AFAST. Maximum fluid pocket dimensions of ≤3 × 3 mm and fluid stripe widths of ≤3 mm in dogs with AFS 1 and 2 may be normal. The DH view was most frequently positive.