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Inflammatory cytokine and C‐reactive protein concentrations in dogs with systemic inflammatory response syndrome
Author(s) -
Gommeren Kris,
Desmas Isabelle,
Garcia Alexandra,
Bauer Natalie,
Moritz Andreas,
Roth Joachim,
Peeters Dominique
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
journal of veterinary emergency and critical care
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.886
H-Index - 47
eISSN - 1476-4431
pISSN - 1479-3261
DOI - 10.1111/vec.12685
Subject(s) - medicine , systemic inflammatory response syndrome , c reactive protein , gastroenterology , tumor necrosis factor alpha , emergency department , interleukin 6 , cytokine , sepsis , inflammation , psychiatry
Objective To evaluate C‐reactive protein (CRP), interleukin 6 (IL‐6), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐α) kinetics in dogs with a systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) presented to an emergency service. We hypothesized serum CRP concentrations would increase and vary during hospitalization, and would correlate with plasma IL‐6 and TNF‐α concentrations, vary in magnitude according to the underlying disease, and predict survival. Design Prospective, observational, clinical study. Setting University emergency department. Animals Sixty‐nine dogs with SIRS weighing over 5 kg who could tolerate the blood sampling. Interventions Serum and plasma were collected (and stored at –80°C) at presentation (T0), after 6 (T6), 12 (T12), 24 (T24), and 72 (T72) hours, and at a follow‐up visit at least 1 month after discharge (T1m). Underlying diseases were categorized as infection (I), neoplasia (N), trauma (T), gastric‐dilation and volvulus (GDV), other gastrointestinal (GI), renal (R), and miscellaneous (M) disease. Measurements and Main Results Serum CRP concentration was measured using a canine‐specific immunoturbidimetric assay. Biologically active plasma IL‐6 and TNF‐α concentrations were assessed using bioassays. Forty‐four dogs survived, 8 died, and 17 were euthanized. Nineteen dogs had follow‐up visits. At T0, serum CRP concentration was above the reference interval in 73.1% (49/67), and was within the reference interval (0–141.9 nmol/L) throughout hospitalization in only 6% (4/67). Serum CRP concentrations were significantly higher ( P < 0.0001) at T0 (882.9 ± 1082.9 nmol/L) and at all time points during hospitalization ( P < 0.0001) compared to T1m, with highest concentrations observed at T24 (906. 7 ± 859.0 nmol/L). At T1m, serum CRP concentrations were within the reference interval (22.9 ± 42.9 nmol/L) in 95% (18/19) of dogs. Logarithmic concentrations of serum CRP and plasma IL‐6 were significantly correlated ( P < 0.001, r = 0.479). None of the measured cytokines were associated with disease category or outcome. Conclusions Serum CRP concentration is increased in dogs with SIRS, and decreases during treatment and hospitalization. Serum CRP, plasma IL‐6, and plasma TNF‐α concentrations cannot predict outcome in dogs with SIRS.