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Retrospective evaluation of concurrent intra‐abdominal injuries in dogs with traumatic pelvic fractures: 83 cases (2008–2013)
Author(s) -
Hoffberg Jamie E.,
Koenigshof Amy M.,
Guiot Laurent P.
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
journal of veterinary emergency and critical care
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.886
H-Index - 47
eISSN - 1476-4431
pISSN - 1479-3261
DOI - 10.1111/vec.12430
Subject(s) - medicine , pelvic fracture , surgery , abdomen , retrospective cohort study , blunt trauma , trauma center , injury severity score , blunt , pelvis , sacroiliac joint , poison control , injury prevention , environmental health
Objective To report the occurrence of intra‐abdominal injury (IA) in dogs with pelvic fractures due to blunt trauma, to evaluate for association between characterization of pelvic fractures and the presence of IA, and to evaluate for association between IA and other specific clinical conditions. Design Retrospective case series (2008–2013). Setting University teaching hospital. Animals Eighty‐three client‐owned dogs with pelvic fractures due to blunt trauma. Interventions None. Measurements and Main Results Pelvic injuries included pubic fractures (90.4%), ischial fractures (80.7%), sacroiliac luxations (57.8%), iliac fractures (43.4%), acetabular fractures (30.1%), and sacral fractures (13.3%). Thirty‐one dogs (37%) had IA, which included hemoabdomen (27 dogs), uroabdomen (3), and septic abdomen (3); 2 dogs had 2 types of IA. Dogs with sacral fractures were significantly more likely to have IA than dogs without sacral fractures ( P = 0.0162). Characterization of pelvic fractures included the direction of compression, presence of a weight‐bearing bone fracture, and degree of pelvic narrowing, none of which had an association with IA ( P > 0.05). Dogs were more likely to have IA if they had cardiac dysrhythmia ( P = 0.0002) or hematuria ( P = 0.0001), and were more likely to have a hemoabdomen if they had cardiac dysrhythmia ( P = 0.0005). Dogs with hematochezia were more likely to have a septic abdomen ( P = 0.0123). Dogs were more likely to receive a transfusion if they had AI ( P = 0.033) or hemoabdomen specifically ( P = 0.0033). Overall survival to discharge was 89%, which was significantly greater than survival in dogs with pelvic injury that also had septic abdomen (33%; P = 0.0299). Conclusions IA is common in dogs with pelvic fractures, especially those with sacral fractures. Pelvic fracture characterization had no bearing on the presence of IA.