Premium
Prevalence of antinuclear and anti‐erythrocyte antibodies in healthy cats
Author(s) -
AbramsOgg Anthony C. G.,
Lim Sophia,
Kocmarek Helen,
Ho Kim,
Blois Shauna L.,
Shewen Patricia E.,
Wood R. Darren,
Bienzle Dorothee
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
veterinary clinical pathology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.537
H-Index - 51
eISSN - 1939-165X
pISSN - 0275-6382
DOI - 10.1111/vcp.12570
Subject(s) - cats , anti nuclear antibody , titer , medicine , antibody , serial dilution , coombs test , indirect immunofluorescence , agglutination (biology) , immunology , gastroenterology , pathology , autoantibody , alternative medicine
Background Positive antinuclear antibody and direct antiglobulin tests support diagnoses such as systemic lupus erythematosus and immune‐mediated anemia, respectively. Positive tests may occur in cats, but the prevalence of positive results in healthy cats is not well known. Objective The study's purpose was to determine prevalences of positive antinuclear antibody and direct antiglobulin tests in healthy cats. Methods Antinuclear antibody titers were measured by indirect immunofluorescence, and anti‐erythrocyte antibodies were measured by the microtitration direct antiglobulin test at 37, 23, and 4°C in 61 client‐owned and 28 facility‐owned cats. Differences between the 2 groups were examined using chi‐squared tests. Results For the antinuclear antibody tests, 70% of client‐owned cats were negative, 10% had weak titers (1:40–1:80), and 20% had strong titers (1:160–1:320). Facility‐owned cats had significantly fewer positive titers with 96% negative and one positive (1:8). For the antiglobulin test at 37°C, 93% of all cats were negative, 2 cats in each group were positive at low dilutions (1:2), and 2 client‐owned cats were transiently positive at high dilutions (≥ 1:2048). At 23°C, 90% of all cats were negative, and 2 client‐owned and 5 facility‐owned cats were positive at low dilutions (1:2–1:8). At 4°C, 67% of client‐owned cats had invalid results (negative control well agglutination), and 33% had negative results, while of facility‐owned cats 14% had invalid results, 14% had agglutination at low dilutions, and 72% were negative. Conclusion Healthy cats may have positive antinuclear antibody and direct antiglobulin tests, but the prevalence of strong reactions is low.