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Hematologic reference intervals for Rana sylvatica ( Lithobates sylvaticus ) and effect of infection with Frog Virus 3 ( Ranavirus sp., Iridoviridae)
Author(s) -
Forzán María J.,
Smith Todd G.,
Vanderstichel Raphaël V.,
Hogan Natacha S.,
Gilroy Cornelia. V.
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
veterinary clinical pathology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.537
H-Index - 51
eISSN - 1939-165X
pISSN - 0275-6382
DOI - 10.1111/vcp.12393
Subject(s) - ranavirus , lithobates , biology , iridovirus , zoology , virology , virus , amphibian , ecology
Background Although the Wood Frog, Rana sylvatica , is used in research on infectious diseases of amphibians, hematologic RI s or response to infection have not been established. Objectives The purpose of the study was to determine hematologic RI s for adult Wood Frogs and alterations associated with infection with Frog Virus 3 ( FV 3, Ranavirus sp.). Methods Blood was collected from 40 wild‐caught adult Wood Frogs that had been in captivity for 6 months. Complete (Natt–Herrick solution hemocytometry) and differential (Wright–Giemsa‐stained smears) WBC , RBC , and thrombocyte cell counts, PCV , and automated total cell counts ( WBC + RBC +thrombocytes, Sysmex particle counting) were determined. Concordance correlation coefficients determined agreement between hemocytometric and automated total cell counts. Thirteen frogs were orally infected with a lethal dose of 10 4.43 plaque‐forming units of FV 3 and terminally sampled 4, 9, or 14 days postinfection (dpi). Pre‐ and postinfection variables for each frog were compared. Results Leukocyte morphology was similar to that of other amphibians and mammals. Lymphocytes were the most numerous WBC . PCV and RBC counts were similar to other frogs in the same family. Agreement was good between hemocytometry and automated total cell counts. Infection with FV 3 caused neutrophilia, increase in undifferentiated blast‐like cells, and reduction in the percentage of basophils. Lymphocytes decreased at 4 and 9 dpi but increased at 14 dpi. From 9 dpi onwards, nuclear deterioration and mild toxic change were present in neutrophils; viral cytoplasmic inclusion bodies were observed in lymphocytes, monocytes, neutrophils, and eosinophils. Conclusion We provide hematology RI s for Rana sylvatica , and report hematologic changes associated with a lethal FV 3 infection.