Premium
Effects of low‐dose cyclophosphamide with piroxicam on tumour neovascularization in a canine oral malignant melanoma‐xenografted mouse model
Author(s) -
Choisunirachon N.,
Jaroensong T.,
Yoshida K.,
Saeki K.,
Mochizuki M.,
Nishimura R.,
Sasaki N.,
Nakagawa T.
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
veterinary and comparative oncology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.864
H-Index - 34
eISSN - 1476-5829
pISSN - 1476-5810
DOI - 10.1111/vco.12059
Subject(s) - melanoma , medicine , cyclophosphamide , neovascularization , piroxicam , vascular endothelial growth factor , angiogenesis , microvessel , vegf receptors , cancer research , chemotherapy , pathology , alternative medicine
Low‐dose cyclophosphamide ( CyLD ) has shown promise in the treatment of several cancers; however, the effect of CyLD on canine oral malignant melanoma has never been explored. In this study, we investigated the effects of CyLD with or without piroxicam (Px) on tumour neovascularization and vascular normalization in a canine oral malignant melanoma‐xenografted mice model. After treatment with CyLD , Px or a combination of both ( CyPx ), the growth of the tumour in the treatment groups was significantly suppressed compared to the control group at 30 days of treatment. Proliferation index was also significantly reduced by all treatments, only CyPx significantly lowered microvessel density and vascular endothelial growth factor ( VEGF ) levels. Additionally, CyLD significantly reduced the proportion of normal vessels and caused an imbalance between VEGF and thrombospondin‐1. These results suggested that CyPx has potent anti‐angiogenic effects in terms of both the number and quality of blood vessels in xenografted canine oral malignant melanoma.