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Risk of transfusion‐associated dengue: screening of blood donors from Pune, western India
Author(s) -
Kulkarni Ruta,
Tiraki Divya,
Wani Dileep,
Mishra Akhilesh C.,
Arankalle Vidya A.
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
transfusion
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.045
H-Index - 132
eISSN - 1537-2995
pISSN - 0041-1132
DOI - 10.1111/trf.15007
Subject(s) - dengue virus , dengue fever , virology , antibody , immunoglobulin m , immunology , medicine , biology , immunoglobulin g
BACKGROUND Dengue, a mosquito‐borne viral disease, is endemic in >125 countries worldwide. The threat of blood‐borne transmission of dengue virus (DENV) has been documented. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS This study was conducted to assess the potential magnitude of transfusion‐associated dengue, by determination of DENV seromarkers in blood donations from Pune, India, during two dengue seasons (2016 and 2017). These included DENV nonstructural protein 1 (NS1), anti‐DENV immunoglobulin (Ig) M, anti‐DENV IgG (enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay), and DENV RNA (reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction). RESULTS NS1 (IgM) reactivity was 1 of 209, 0.48% (11/209, 5.3%) in 2016 and 2 of 311, 0.64% (20/311, 6.4%) in 2017. Of the 34 NS1/IgM reactives, 1 NS1‐reactive donor and 10 IgM‐reactive donors exhibited evidence of secondary infection. DENV RNA was not detected in any of the 34 NS1/IgM reactives. Among the NS1/IgM negatives, anti‐DENV IgG reactivity was high in 2016 (75%) and further increased in 2017 (87%, p = 0.002). CONCLUSION Although RNA negative, detection of 34 NS1/IgM‐reactive donations, of which 11 had evidence of secondary infection, suggests the need for further evaluation on the basis of potential risk to recipients of either dengue transmission or increased risk of secondary infection. These would include multicenter studies followed by cost‐benefit analyses.