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Metabolomics evaluation of early‐storage red blood cell rejuvenation at 4°C and 37°C
Author(s) -
Gehrke Sarah,
Srinivasan Amudan J.,
CulpHill Rachel,
Reisz Julie A.,
Ansari Andrea,
Gray Alan,
Landrigan Matthew,
Welsby Ian,
D'Alessandro Angelo
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
transfusion
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.045
H-Index - 132
eISSN - 1537-2995
pISSN - 0041-1132
DOI - 10.1111/trf.14623
Subject(s) - rejuvenation , cold storage , glycolysis , limiting , andrology , incubation , oxidative phosphorylation , metabolism , metabolomics , blood preservation , biochemistry , chemistry , biology , surgery , medicine , chromatography , mechanical engineering , horticulture , engineering
BACKGROUND Refrigerated red blood cell (RBC) storage results in the progressive accumulation of biochemical and morphological alterations collectively referred to as the storage lesion. Storage‐induced metabolic alterations can be in part reversed by rejuvenation practices. However, rejuvenation requires an incubation step of RBCs for 1 hour at 37°C, limiting the practicality of providing “on‐demand,” rejuvenated RBCs. We tested the hypothesis that the addition of rejuvenation solution early in storage as an adjunct additive solution would prevent—in a time window consistent with the average age of units transfused to sickle cell recipients at Duke (15 days)—many of the adverse biochemical changes that can be reversed via standard rejuvenation, while obviating the incubation step. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Metabolomics analyses were performed on cells and supernatants from AS‐1 RBC units (n = 4), stored for 15 days. Units were split into pediatric bag aliquots and stored at 4°C. These were untreated controls, washed with or without rejuvenation, performed under either standard (37°C) or cold (4°C) conditions. RESULTS All three treatments removed most metabolic storage by‐products from RBC supernatants. However, only standard and cold rejuvenation provided significant metabolic benefits as judged by the reactivation of glycolysis and regeneration of adenosine triphosphate and 2,3‐diphosphoglycerate. Improvements in energy metabolism also translated into increased capacity to restore the total glutathione pool and regenerate oxidized vitamin C in its reduced (ascorbate) form. CONCLUSION Cold and standard rejuvenation of 15‐day‐old RBCs primes energy and redox metabolism of stored RBCs, while providing a logistic advantage for routine blood bank processing workflows.