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Leukocyte and plasma activation profiles in chronically transfused patients with a history of allergic reactions
Author(s) -
Fontaine Magali J.,
Shih Hank,
Schubert Richard,
Wong Wendy,
Andrews Jennifer,
Jeng Michael,
Tirouvanziam Rabindra
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
transfusion
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.045
H-Index - 132
eISSN - 1537-2995
pISSN - 0041-1132
DOI - 10.1111/trf.14275
Subject(s) - medicine , immunology , cd63 , flow cytometry , histamine , basophil activation , basophil , transfusion therapy , blood transfusion , cytokine , platelet , allergy , whole blood , immunoglobulin e , antibody , biology , microrna , biochemistry , microvesicles , gene
BACKGROUND Allergic transfusion reactions are drawbacks to the benefits of transfusion. Classically, allergic transfusion reactions depend on histamine release from mast cells or basophils, but other leukocyte subsets may also be important. Thus, we propose to better define the exact leukocyte subsets involved in allergic transfusion reactions. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS The overall objective of the current study was to compare the activation of specific peripheral blood leukocyte subsets (monocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils) in a cohort of 13 patients who received chronic transfusions and had a history of allergic transfusion reactions compared with a control group of patients who received chronic transfusions and had no history of allergic transfusion reactions. Leukocyte subsets were analyzed by flow cytometry at baseline and after red blood cell transfusion, and cytokine levels in platelet‐free plasma collected at the same time points were measured by Luminex assay. RESULTS Flow cytometry and cytokine profiles before and after transfusion did not differ significantly between patients who did and did not have a history of allergic transfusion reactions (p > 0.05). However, post‐transfusion samples from both groups showed a decrease in CD63 expression in basophils, monocytes, and eosinophils and a decrease in CD45 expression in all leukocyte subsets compared with pretransfusion samples. Interleukin 10 levels increased after transfusion in the group with a history of allergic transfusion reactions (p = 0.0469), and RANTES (regulated upon activation, normal T‐cell expressed and secreted) was significantly decreased post‐transfusion in all patients (p = 0.0122). CONCLUSION None of the leukocyte subsets from patients who had a history of allergic transfusion reactions significantly increased in activation either before or after transfusion. All leukocyte subsets from patients who did and did not have a history of allergic transfusion reactions decreased in their activation profile upon transfusion challenge.