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The effectiveness of riboflavin and ultraviolet light pathogen reduction technology in eliminating Trypanosoma cruzi from leukoreduced whole blood
Author(s) -
JimenezMarco Teresa,
CancinoFaure Beatriz,
GironaLlobera Enrique,
Alcover M. Magdalena,
Riera Cristina,
Fisa Roser
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
transfusion
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.045
H-Index - 132
eISSN - 1537-2995
pISSN - 0041-1132
DOI - 10.1111/trf.14071
Subject(s) - leukoreduction , trypanosoma cruzi , chagas disease , parasitemia , pathogen , biology , whole blood , microbiology and biotechnology , virology , blood transfusion , immunology , plasmodium falciparum , malaria , parasite hosting , world wide web , computer science
BACKGROUND The parasitic Chagas disease is caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi , which is mainly transmitted by insect vectors. Other infection routes, both in endemic and in nonendemic areas, include organ and marrow transplantation, congenital transmission, and blood transfusion. Asymptomatic chronic chagasic individuals may have a low and transient parasitemia in peripheral blood and, consequently, they can unknowingly transmit the disease via blood transfusion. Riboflavin and ultraviolet (UV) light pathogen reduction is a method to reduce pathogen transfusion transmission risk based on damage to the pathogen nucleic acids. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS In this study, we tested the effectiveness of this technology for the elimination of T. cruzi parasites in artificially contaminated whole blood units (WBUs) and thus for decreasing the risk of T. cruzi transfusion transmission. The contaminated WBUs were leukoreduced by filtration and treated with riboflavin and UV light. The level of pathogen reduction was quantified by a real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and a real‐time reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR) as a viability assay. RESULTS The RNA (cDNA) quantification of the parasites showed a more than 99% reduction of viable T. cruzi parasites after leukoreduction and a complete reduction (100%) after the riboflavin and UV light treatment. CONCLUSION Riboflavin and UV light treatment and leukoreduction used in conjunction appears to eliminate significant amounts of viable T. cruzi in whole blood. Both strategies could complement other blood bank measures already implemented to prevent the transmission of T. cruzi via blood transfusion.