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Development of a bifunctional filter for prion protein and leukoreduction of red blood cell components
Author(s) -
Yokomizo Tomo,
Kai Takako,
Miura Morikazu,
Ohto Hitoshi
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
transfusion
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.045
H-Index - 132
eISSN - 1537-2995
pISSN - 0041-1132
DOI - 10.1111/trf.12839
Subject(s) - leukoreduction , hemolysis , red blood cell , transmissible spongiform encephalopathy , bifunctional , hemoglobin , chemistry , hamster , biology , microbiology and biotechnology , andrology , immunology , biochemistry , blood transfusion , medicine , scrapie , prion protein , disease , catalysis
Background Leukofiltration of blood components is currently implemented worldwide as a precautionary measure against white blood cell–associated adverse effects and the potential transmission of variant C reutzfeldt‐ J akob disease ( vCJD ). A newly developed bifunctional filter ( S epacell P rima, A sahi K asei M edical) was assessed for prion removal, leukoreduction ( LR ), and whether the filter significantly affected red blood cells ( RBC s). Study Design and Methods S epacell P rima's postfiltration effects on RBC s, including hemolysis, complement activation, and RBC chemistry, were compared with those of a conventional LR filter ( S epacell P ure RC ). Prion removal was measured by W estern blot after spiking RBC s with microsomal fractions derived from scrapie‐infected hamster brain homogenate. Serially diluted exogenous prion solutions (0.05 mL ), with or without filtration, were injected intracerebrally into Golden S yrian hamsters. Results LR efficiency of 4.44 log with the S epacell P rima was comparable to 4.11 log with the conventional LR filter. There were no significant differences between the two filters in hemoglobin loss, hemolysis, complement activation, and RBC biomarkers. In vitro reduction of exogenously spiked prions by the filter exceeded 3 log. The titer, 6.63 (log ID 50 /mL), of prefiltration infectivity of healthy hamsters was reduced to 2.52 (log ID 50 /mL) after filtration. The reduction factor was calculated as 4.20 (log ID 50 ). Conclusion With confirmed removal efficacy for exogenous prion protein, this new bifunctional prion and LR filter should reduce the residual risk of vCJD transmission through blood transfusion without adding complexity to component processing.