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Studies on the inactivation of human parvovirus 4
Author(s) -
Baylis Sally A.,
Tuke Philip W.,
Miyagawa Eiji,
Blümel Johannes
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
transfusion
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.045
H-Index - 132
eISSN - 1537-2995
pISSN - 0041-1132
DOI - 10.1111/trf.12372
Subject(s) - parvovirus , minute virus of mice , divalent , canine parvovirus , parvoviridae , virology , virus , titer , infectivity , chemistry , biology , microbiology and biotechnology , organic chemistry
Background Human parvovirus 4 ( PARV 4) is a novel parvovirus, which like parvovirus B19 ( B 19 V ) can be a contaminant of plasma pools used to prepare plasma‐derived medicinal products. Inactivation studies of B 19 V have shown that it is more sensitive to virus inactivation strategies than animal parvoviruses. However, inactivation of PARV 4 has not yet been specifically addressed. Study Design and Methods Treatment of parvoviruses by heat or low‐ pH conditions causes externalization of the virus genome. Using nuclease treatment combined with real‐time polymerase chain reaction, the extent of virus DNA externalization was used as an indirect measure of the inactivation of PARV 4, B19V, and minute virus of mice ( MVM ) by pasteurization of albumin and by low‐ pH treatment. Infectivity studies were performed in parallel for B 19 V and MVM . Results PARV 4 showed greater resistance to pasteurization and low‐ pH treatment than B 19 V , although PARV 4 was not as resistant as MVM . There was a 2‐ to 3‐log reduction of encapsidated PARV 4 DNA after pasteurization and low‐ pH treatment. In contrast, B 19 V was effectively inactivated while MVM was stable under these conditions. Divalent cations were found to have a stabilizing effect on PARV 4 capsids. In the absence of divalent cations, even at neutral pH , there was a reduction of PARV 4 titer, an effect not observed for B 19 V or MVM . Conclusion I n the case of heat treatment and incubation at low pH , PARV4 shows intermediate resistance when compared to B 19 V and MVM . Divalent cations seem important for stabilizing PARV 4 virus particles.