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RHD variants in P olish blood donors routinely typed as D–
Author(s) -
Orzińska Agnieszka,
Guz Katarzyna,
Polin Helene,
PelcKłopotowska Monika,
Bednarz Justyna,
Gieleżyńska Agata,
Śliwa Beata,
Kowalewska Małgorzata,
Pawłowska Elżbieta,
Włodarczyk Bogusława,
Malaga, Alicja Żmudzin Małgorzata,
Krzemienowska Magdalena,
Srivastava Kshitij,
Michalewska Bogumiła,
Gabriel Christian,
Flegel Willy A.,
Brojer Ewa
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
transfusion
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.045
H-Index - 132
eISSN - 1537-2995
pISSN - 0041-1132
DOI - 10.1111/trf.12230
Subject(s) - serology , rh blood group system , allele , virology , microbiology and biotechnology , polymerase chain reaction , biology , immunology , medicine , gene , antibody , genetics
Background Blood donors exhibiting a weak D or DEL phenotypical expression may be mistyped D– by standard serology hence permitting incompatible transfusion to D– recipients. Molecular methods may overcome these technical limits. Our aim was to estimate the frequency of RHD alleles among the apparently D– P olish donor population and to characterize its molecular background. Study Design and Methods Plasma pools collected from 31,200 consecutive P olish donors typed as D– were tested by real‐time polymerase chain reaction ( PCR ) for the presence of RHD ‐specific markers located in Intron 4 and Exons 7 and 10. RHD + individuals were characterized by PCR or cDNA sequencing and serology. Results Plasma cross‐pool strategy revealed 63 RHD + donors harboring RHD *01 N .03 (n = 17), RHD *15 (n = 12), RHD *11 (n = 7), RHD * DEL 8 (n = 3), RHD *01 W .2 (n = 3), RHD‐CE (10) (n = 3), RHD *01 W .3 , RHD *01 W .9 , RHD *01 N .05 , RHD *01 N .07 , RHD *01 N .23, and RHD ( IVS 1‐29 G > C ) and two novel alleles, RHD * ( 767 C > G ) (n = 3) and RHD *(1029 C > A ) . Among 47 cases available for serology, 27 were shown to express the D antigen Conclusion 1) Plasma cross‐pool strategy is a reliable and cost‐effective tool for RHD screening. 2) Only 0.2% of D– P olish donors carry some fragments of the RHD gene; all of them were C or E+. 3) Almost 60% of the detected RHD alleles may be potentially immunogenic when transfused to a D– recipient.