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Ligand–receptor interactions in plant hormone signaling
Author(s) -
Takeuchi Jun,
Fukui Kosuke,
Seto Yoshiya,
Takaoka Yousuke,
Okamoto Masanori
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
the plant journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.058
H-Index - 269
eISSN - 1365-313X
pISSN - 0960-7412
DOI - 10.1111/tpj.15115
Subject(s) - hormone , signal transduction , receptor , hormone receptor , allosteric regulation , biology , microbiology and biotechnology , ligand (biochemistry) , regulator , computational biology , function (biology) , biochemistry , genetics , gene , cancer , breast cancer
Summary Small‐molecule plant hormones principally control plant growth, development, differentiation, and environmental responses. Nine types of plant hormones are ubiquitous in angiosperms, and the molecular mechanisms of their hormone actions have been elucidated during the last two decades by genomic decoding of model plants with genetic mutants. In particular, the discovery of hormone receptors has greatly contributed to the understanding of signal transduction systems. The three‐dimensional structure of the ligand–receptor complex has been determined for eight of the nine hormones by X‐ray crystal structure analysis, and ligand perception mechanisms have been revealed at the atomic level. Collective research has revealed the molecular function of plant hormones that act as either molecular glue or an allosteric regulator for activation of receptors. In this review, we present an overview of the respective hormone signal transduction and describe the structural bases of ligand–receptor interactions.