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Reactive oxygen species and reactive carbonyl species constitute a feed‐forward loop in auxin signaling for lateral root formation
Author(s) -
Biswas Md. Sanaullah,
Fukaki Hidehiro,
Mori Izumi C.,
Nakahara Kazuha,
Mano Jun'ichi
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
the plant journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.058
H-Index - 269
eISSN - 1365-313X
pISSN - 0960-7412
DOI - 10.1111/tpj.14456
Subject(s) - auxin , arabidopsis , reactive oxygen species , microbiology and biotechnology , biology , biochemistry , nadph oxidase , lateral root , arabidopsis thaliana , mutant , signal transduction , gene
Summary In auxin‐stimulated roots, production of reactive oxygen species ( ROS ) via the hormone‐induced activation of respiratory burst oxidase homologous NADPH oxidases facilitates lateral root ( LR ) formation. In this study, in order to verify that ROS can modulate auxin signaling, we examined the involvement of the lipid peroxide‐derived agents known as reactive carbonyl species ( RCS ) in LR formation. When auxin was added to Arabidopsis thaliana roots, the levels of RCS , for example acrolein, 4‐hydroxynonenal and crotonaldehyde, were increased prior to LR formation. Addition of the carbonyl scavenger carnosine suppressed auxin‐induced LR formation. Addition of RCS to the roots induced the expression of the auxin‐responsive DR 5 promoter and the TIR 1 , IAA 14 , ARF 7 , LBD 16 and PUCHI genes and facilitated LR formation without increasing the endogenous auxin level. DR 5 and LBD 16 were activated in the LR primordia. The auxin signaling‐deficient mutants arf7 arf19 and slr‐1 did not respond – and tir1 afb2 appeared to show a poor response – to RCS . When given to the roots RCS promoted the disappearance of the AXR 3 NT – GUS fusion protein, i.e. the degradation of the auxin/indole‐3‐acetic acid protein, as did auxin. These results indicate that the auxin‐induced production of ROS and their downstream products RCS modulate the auxin signaling pathway in a feed‐forward manner. RCS are key agents that connect the ROS signaling and the auxin signaling pathways.