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CLD 1 / SRL 1 modulates leaf rolling by affecting cell wall formation, epidermis integrity and water homeostasis in rice
Author(s) -
Li WenQiang,
Zhang MinJuan,
Gan PengFei,
Qiao Lei,
Yang ShuaiQi,
Miao Hai,
Wang GangFeng,
Zhang MaoMao,
Liu WenTing,
Li HaiFeng,
Shi ChunHai,
Chen KunMing
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
the plant journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.058
H-Index - 269
eISSN - 1365-313X
pISSN - 0960-7412
DOI - 10.1111/tpj.13728
Subject(s) - epidermis (zoology) , mutant , biology , cell wall , microbiology and biotechnology , oryza sativa , cuticle (hair) , arabidopsis , loss function , botany , phenotype , gene , biochemistry , genetics , anatomy
Summary Leaf rolling is considered as one of the most important agronomic traits in rice breeding. It has been previously reported that SEMI ‐ ROLLED LEAF 1 ( SRL 1 ) modulates leaf rolling by regulating the formation of bulliform cells in rice (Oryza sativa) ; however, the regulatory mechanism underlying SRL 1 has yet to be further elucidated. Here, we report the functional characterization of a novel leaf‐rolling mutant, curled leaf and dwarf 1 ( cld1) , with multiple morphological defects. Map‐based cloning revealed that CLD 1 is allelic with SRL 1 , and loses function in cld1 through DNA methylation. CLD 1/ SRL 1 encodes a glycophosphatidylinositol ( GPI )‐anchored membrane protein that modulates leaf rolling and other aspects of rice growth and development. The cld1 mutant exhibits significant decreases in cellulose and lignin contents in secondary cell walls of leaves, indicating that the loss of function of CLD 1/ SRL 1 affects cell wall formation. Furthermore, the loss of CLD 1/ SRL 1 function leads to defective leaf epidermis such as bulliform‐like epidermal cells. The defects in leaf epidermis decrease the water‐retaining capacity and lead to water deficits in cld1 leaves, which contribute to the main cause of leaf rolling. As a result of the more rapid water loss and lower water content in leaves, cld1 exhibits reduced drought tolerance. Accordingly, the loss of CLD 1/ SRL 1 function causes abnormal expression of genes and proteins associated with cell wall formation, cuticle development and water stress. Taken together, these findings suggest that the functional roles of CLD 1/ SRL 1 in leaf‐rolling regulation are closely related to the maintenance of cell wall formation, epidermal integrity and water homeostasis.