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Activation of ethylene signaling pathways enhances disease resistance by regulating ROS and phytoalexin production in rice
Author(s) -
Yang Chao,
Li Wen,
Cao Jidong,
Meng Fanwei,
Yu Yongqi,
Huang Junkai,
Jiang Lan,
Liu Muxing,
Zhang Zhengguang,
Chen Xuewei,
Miyamoto Koji,
Yamane Hisakazu,
Zhang Jinsong,
Chen Shouyi,
Liu Jun
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
the plant journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.058
H-Index - 269
eISSN - 1365-313X
pISSN - 0960-7412
DOI - 10.1111/tpj.13388
Subject(s) - phytoalexin , transcription factor , ethylene , plant disease resistance , biology , reactive oxygen species , biosynthesis , gene , signal transduction , transcription (linguistics) , microbiology and biotechnology , biochemistry , resveratrol , linguistics , philosophy , catalysis
Summary Ethylene plays diverse roles in plant growth, development and stress responses. However, the roles of ethylene signaling in immune responses remain largely unknown. In this study, we showed that the blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae infection activated ethylene biosynthesis in rice. Resistant rice cultivars accumulated higher levels of ethylene than susceptible ones. Ethylene signaling components Os EIN 2 and the downstream transcription factor Os EIL 1 positively regulated disease resistance. Mutation of Os EIN 2 led to enhanced disease susceptibility. Whole‐genome transcription analysis revealed that responsive genes of ethylene, jasmonates ( JA s) and reactive oxygen species ( ROS ) signaling as well as phytoalexin biosynthesis genes were remarkably induced. Transcription of OsrbohA/B , which encode NADPH oxidases, and Os OPR s , the JA biosynthesis genes, were induced by M. oryzae infection. Furthermore, we demonstrated that Os EIL 1 binds to the promoters of OsrbohA/OsrbohB and Os OPR 4 to activate their expression. These data suggest that Os EIN 2‐mediated OsrbohA/OsrbohB and Os OPR transcription may play essential roles in ROS generation, JA biosynthesis and the subsequent phytoalexin accumulation. Therefore, the involvement of ethylene signaling in disease resistance is probably by activation of ROS and phytoalexin production in rice during M. oryzae infection.