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Proteomic analysis reveals the differential histone programs between male germline cells and vegetative cells in Lilium davidii
Author(s) -
Yang Hao,
Yang Ning,
Wang Tai
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
the plant journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.058
H-Index - 269
eISSN - 1365-313X
pISSN - 0960-7412
DOI - 10.1111/tpj.13133
Subject(s) - biology , histone , germline , histone h2b , genetics , microspore , chromatin , epigenetics , histone h3 , histone h1 , histone methylation , cell division , microbiology and biotechnology , gene , gene expression , cell , dna methylation , botany , stamen , pollen
Summary In flowering plants, male germline fate is determined after asymmetric division of the haploid microspore. Daughter cells have distinct fates: the generative cell ( GC ) undergoes further mitosis to generate sperm cells ( SC s), and the vegetative cell ( VC ) terminally differentiates. However, our understanding of the mechanisms underlying germline development remains limited. Histone variants and modifications define chromatin states, and contribute to establishing and maintaining cell identities by affecting gene expression. Here, we constructed a lily protein database, then extracted and detailed histone entries into a comprehensive lily histone database. We isolated large amounts of nuclei from VC s, GC s and SC s from lily, and profiled histone variants of all five histone families in all three cell types using proteomics approaches. We revealed 92 identities representing 32 histone variants: six for H1, 11 for H2A, eight for H2B, five for H3 and two for H4. Nine variants, including five H1, two H2B, one H3 and one H4 variant, specifically accumulated in GC s and SC s. We also detected H3 modification patterns in the three cell types. GC s and SC s had almost identical histone profiles and similar H3 modification patterns, which were significantly different from those of VC s. Our study also revealed the presence of multiple isoforms, and differential expression patterns between isoforms of a variant. The results suggest that differential histone programs between the germline and companion VC s may be established following the asymmetric division, and are important for identity establishment and differentiation of the male germline as well as the VC .