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The role of lipid metabolism in the acquisition of desiccation tolerance in C raterostigma plantagineum : a comparative approach
Author(s) -
Gasulla Francisco,
Dorp Katharina,
Dombrink Isabel,
Zähringer Ulrich,
Gisch Nicolas,
Dörmann Peter,
Bartels Dorothea
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
the plant journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.058
H-Index - 269
eISSN - 1365-313X
pISSN - 0960-7412
DOI - 10.1111/tpj.12241
Subject(s) - desiccation , phosphatidic acid , biochemistry , biology , thylakoid , phospholipid , lipid metabolism , desiccation tolerance , diacylglycerol kinase , phospholipase d , chloroplast , botany , membrane , enzyme , gene , protein kinase c
Summary Dehydration leads to different physiological and biochemical responses in plants. We analysed the lipid composition and the expression of genes involved in lipid biosynthesis in the desiccation‐tolerant plant C raterostigma plantagineum . A comparative approach was carried out with L indernia brevidens (desiccation tolerant) and two desiccation‐sensitive species, L indernia subracemosa and A rabidopsis thaliana . In C . plantagineum the total lipid content remained constant while the lipid composition underwent major changes during desiccation. The most prominent change was the removal of monogalactosyldiacylglycerol ( MGDG ) from the thylakoids. Analysis of molecular species composition revealed that around 50% of 36: x (number of carbons in the acyl chains: number of double bonds) MGDG was hydrolysed and diacylglycerol ( DAG ) used for phospholipid synthesis, while another MGDG fraction was converted into digalactosyldiacylglycerol via the DGD 1/ DGD 2 pathway and subsequently into oligogalactolipids by SFR 2. 36: x ‐ DAG was also employed for the synthesis of triacylglycerol. Phosphatidic acid ( PA ) increased in C . plantagineum , L . brevidens , and L . subracemosa , in agreement with a role of PA as an intermediate of lipid turnover and of phospholipase D in signalling during desiccation. 34: x ‐ DAG , presumably derived from de novo assembly, was converted into phosphatidylinositol ( PI ) in C . plantagineum and L . brevidens , but not in desiccation‐sensitive plants, suggesting that PI is involved in acquisition of desiccation tolerance. The accumulation of oligogalactolipids and PI in the chloroplast and extraplastidial membranes, respectively, increases the concentration of hydroxyl groups and enhances the ratio of bilayer‐ to non‐bilayer‐forming lipids, thus contributing to protein and membrane stabilization.