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Two L otus japonicus symbiosis mutants impaired at distinct steps of arbuscule development
Author(s) -
Groth Martin,
Kosuta Sonja,
Gutjahr Caroline,
Haage Kristina,
Hardel Simone Liesel,
Schaub Miriam,
Brachmann Andreas,
Sato Shusei,
Tabata Satoshi,
Findlay Kim,
Wang Trevor L.,
Parniske Martin
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
the plant journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.058
H-Index - 269
eISSN - 1365-313X
pISSN - 0960-7412
DOI - 10.1111/tpj.12220
Subject(s) - symbiosis , mutant , microbiology and biotechnology , biology , genetics , gene , bacteria
Summary Arbuscular mycorrhiza ( AM ) fungi form nutrient‐acquiring symbioses with the majority of higher plants. Nutrient exchange occurs via arbuscules, highly branched hyphal structures that are formed within root cortical cells. With a view to identifying host genes involved in AM development, we isolated Lotus japonicus AM ‐defective mutants via a microscopic screen of an ethyl methanesulfonate‐mutagenized population. A standardized mapping procedure was developed that facilitated positioning of the defective loci on the genetic map of L. japonicus , and, in five cases, allowed identification of mutants of known symbiotic genes. Two additional mutants representing independent loci did not form mature arbuscules during symbiosis with two divergent AM fungal species, but exhibited signs of premature arbuscule arrest or senescence. Marker gene expression patterns indicated that the two mutants are affected in distinct steps of arbuscule development. Both mutants formed wild‐type‐like root nodules upon inoculation with Mesorhizobium loti , indicating that the mutated loci are essential during AM but not during root nodule symbiosis.