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Prevalence and associated factors of depressive symptoms among people living with HIV on antiretroviral therapy in Jakarta, Indonesia
Author(s) -
Yunihastuti Evy,
Lestari Agusin Regina,
Sari Vidya,
Jhariah Hidayah Ainum,
Wulunggono Wulunggono,
Pramukti Hikmat,
Shinta Mutiara,
Shatri Hamzah,
Harjono Karjadi Teguh
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
tropical medicine and international health
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.056
H-Index - 114
eISSN - 1365-3156
pISSN - 1360-2276
DOI - 10.1111/tmi.13597
Subject(s) - medicine , poisson regression , depression (economics) , depressive symptoms , population , antiretroviral therapy , human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) , demography , indonesian , beck depression inventory , psychiatry , viral load , family medicine , environmental health , anxiety , sociology , economics , macroeconomics , linguistics , philosophy
Objective We aimed to investigate the prevalence of depressive symptoms among people living with HIV (PLHIV) on antiretroviral therapy (ART) in a large HIV treatment facility in Jakarta, Indonesia, and to assess associated factors. Methods The Indonesian version of Beck Depression Inventory‐II was used to assess depressive symptoms of 346 participants visiting the HIV Integrated Clinic Cipto Mangunkusumo hospital between June and November 2018. Results Depressive symptoms (BDI‐II score ≥14) were exhibited by 50.9% of participants, with prevalences of mild, moderate and severe depression of 30.4%, 15.6% and 4.9%, respectively. Poisson regression with robust variance analysis indicated that having lower income (aPR = 1.38, 95% CI 1.12–1.63), duration of ART for 1–5 years (aPR = 1.25, 95% CI 1.01–1.54) and same‐sex partnership (aPR = 1.27, 95% CI 1.02–1.58) were positively associated with depressive symptoms. Age, sex and history of using intravenous drugs, and ART‐based regimen were not associated with depressive symptoms. Conclusions Depressive symptoms were common among our population despite long‐term ART use and were associated with having low‐income, ART for 1–5 years and same‐sex partnership.