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Genotypic and phenotypic profiles of antibiotic‐resistant bacteria isolated from hospitalised patients in Bangladesh
Author(s) -
Sarjana Safain Kazi,
Bhuyan Golam Sarower,
Hassan Hasib Saad,
Islam Mohammad Sazzadul,
MahmudUnNabi Mohammad Al,
Sultana Rosy,
Tasnim Sadia,
Noor Farjana Akther,
Sarker Suprovath Kumar,
Islam Md Tarikul,
Rahat Asifuzzaman,
Leung Daniel T.,
Domman Daryl,
Manzoor Farhana,
Anwar Sajid,
Majid Bhuiyan Md Abdul,
Chowdhury Emran Kabir,
Qadri Syed Saleheen,
Qadri Firdausi,
Mannoor Kaiissar
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
tropical medicine and international health
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.056
H-Index - 114
eISSN - 1365-3156
pISSN - 1360-2276
DOI - 10.1111/tmi.13584
Subject(s) - microbiology and biotechnology , biology , acinetobacter baumannii , streptococcus pneumoniae , klebsiella pneumoniae , antibiotic resistance , pseudomonas aeruginosa , escherichia coli , staphylococcus aureus , acinetobacter , enterococcus faecalis , enterococcus , multiple drug resistance , genotype , drug resistance , antibiotics , bacteria , gene , genetics
Objectives Characterisation of resistance phenotype and genotype is crucial to understanding the burden and transmission of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). This study aims to determine the spectrum of AMR and associated genes encoding aminoglycoside, macrolide and β‐lactam classes of antimicrobials in bacteria isolated from hospitalised patients in Bangladesh. Methods 430 bacterial isolates from patients with respiratory, intestinal, wound infections and typhoid fever, presenting to clinical care from 2015 to 2019, were examined. They included Escherichia coli ( n = 85); Staphylococcus aureus ( n = 84); Salmonella typhi ( n = 82); Klebsiella pneumoniae ( n = 42); Streptococcus pneumoniae ( n = 36); coagulase‐negative staphylococci ( n = 28); Enterococcus faecalis ( n = 27); Pseudomonas aeruginosa ( n = 26); and Acinetobacter baumannii ( n = 20). Reconfirmation of these clinical isolates and antimicrobial susceptibility tests was performed. PCR amplification using resistance gene‐specific primers was done, and the amplified products were confirmed by Sanger sequencing. Results 53% of isolates were multidrug‐resistant (MDR), including 97% of Escherichia coli . There was a year‐wise gradual increase in MDR isolates from 2015 to 2018, and there was an almost twofold increase in the number of MDR strains isolated in 2019 ( P = 0.00058). Among the 5 extended‐spectrum β‐lactamases investigated, CTX‐M‐1 was the most prevalent (63%) followed by NDM‐1 (22%); Escherichia coli was the major reservoir of these genes. The ermB (55%) and aac(6′)‐Ib (35%) genes were the most frequently detected macrolide and aminoglycoside resistance genes, respectively. Conclusion MDR pathogens are highly prevalent in hospital settings of Bangladesh.