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Differential contribution of interleukin‐10 promoter variants in malaria and schistosomiasis mono‐ and co‐infections among Nigerian children
Author(s) -
Adedoja Ayodele,
Hoan Nghiem Xuan,
Tong Hoang,
Adukpo Selorme,
Tijani Deborah B.,
Akanbi Ajibola A.,
Meyer Christian G.,
Ojurongbe Olusola,
Velavan Thirumalaisamy P.
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
tropical medicine and international health
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.056
H-Index - 114
eISSN - 1365-3156
pISSN - 1360-2276
DOI - 10.1111/tmi.13007
Subject(s) - haplotype , genotype , malaria , schistosoma haematobium , plasmodium falciparum , immunology , allele , biology , schistosomiasis , allele frequency , medicine , genetics , gene , helminths
Objective Interleukin‐10 ( IL ‐10) is an anti‐inflammatory cytokine produced by Th1 cells and macrophages. The rationale of this study was to examine and validate possible contributions of IL ‐10 promoter polymorphisms in sub‐Saharan Africa in children infected with either Plasmodium falciparum or Schistosoma haematobium and in children co‐infected with both parasites. Materials and Methods A total of 309 Nigerian children aged 4–15 years were recruited. The study group consisted of individuals infected either with P. falciparum ( n = 76) or S. haematobium ( n = 94) in mono‐infections, a group of children co‐infected with both P. falciparum and S. haematobium ( n = 62) and matched healthy controls ( n = 77). The IL ‐10 promoter polymorphisms ‐1082G/A, ‐819C/T and ‐592C/A were genotyped by direct sequencing. Results The frequencies of the IL ‐10 ‐1082 GG genotype, the ‐1082G allele and haplotype GCC (positions ‐1082, ‐819 and ‐592) were higher in children infected with P. falciparum than in healthy controls, indicating that the ‐1082 GG genotype and the ‐1082G allele and the GCC haplotype are associated with increased susceptibility to malaria infection ( OR = 3.4, 95% CI = 1.2–10.8, P = 0.02; OR = 2.5, 95% CI = 1.1–3.4, P = 0.02; OR = 3.8, 95% CI = 2.0–7.2, P = 0.0001, respectively). Children with the ‐ 1082 GG genotype had a higher parasitaemia than children with the ‐1082 AA or ‐1082 AG genotypes ( P = 0.0017). Haplotype GCC occurred more frequently in children infected with S. haematobium, while haplotype GTA was less frequent than in controls ( OR = 2.2, 95% CI = 1.2–4.4, P = 0.017 and OR = 0.1, 95% CI = 0.02–0.5, P = 0.0004, respectively). No differences in the frequencies of IL ‐10 promoter polymorphisms were observed between children with P. falciparum – S. haematobium co‐infections and healthy controls. Conclusion Although IL ‐10 promoter polymorphisms are not associated with P. falciparum and S. haematobium co‐infection, variant ‐1082G/A and haplotype GCC are associated with malaria, whereas the IL ‐10 haplotypes GCC and GTA are associated with schistosomiasis.