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Measles and rubella vaccination coverage in H aiti, 2012: progress towards verifying and challenges to maintaining measles and rubella elimination
Author(s) -
Tohme Rania A.,
François Jeannot,
Wannemuehler Kathleen,
Magloire Roc,
DanovaroHolliday M. Carolina,
Flannery Brendan,
Cavallaro Kathleen F.,
Fitter David L.,
Purcell Nora,
Dismer Amber,
Tappero Jordan W.,
Vertefeuille John F.,
Hyde Terri B.
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
tropical medicine and international health
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.056
H-Index - 114
eISSN - 1365-3156
pISSN - 1360-2276
DOI - 10.1111/tmi.12335
Subject(s) - measles , medicine , vaccination , rubella , pediatrics , measles vaccine , rubella vaccine , population , demography , environmental health , immunology , sociology
Objectives We conducted a nationwide survey to assess measles containing vaccine ( MCV ) coverage among children aged 1–9 years in H aiti and identify factors associated with vaccination before and during the 2012 nationwide supplementary immunisation activities ( SIA ). Methods Haiti was stratified into five geographic regions ( M etropolitan Port ‐au‐ P rince, N orth, Centre, S outh and W est), 40 clusters were randomly selected in each region, and 35 households were selected per cluster. Results Among the 7000 visited households, 75.8% had at least one child aged 1–9 years; of these, 5279 (99.5%) households consented to participate in the survey. Of 9883 children enrolled, 91% received MCV before and/or during the SIA ; 31% received MR for the first time during the SIA , and 50.7% received two doses of MCV (one before and one during the 2012 SIA ). Among the 1685 unvaccinated children during the SIA , the primary reason of non‐vaccination was caregivers not being aware of the SIA (31.0%). Children aged 1–4 years had significantly lower MR SIA coverage than those aged 5–9 years (79.5% vs . 84.8%) ( P < 0.0001). A higher proportion of children living in the West (12.3%) and Centre (11.2%) regions had never been vaccinated than in other regions (4.8–9.1%). Awareness, educational level of the mother and region were significantly associated with MR vaccination during and before the SIA ( P < 0.001). Conclusions The 2012 SIA successfully increased MR coverage; however, to maintain measles and rubella elimination, coverage needs to be further increased among children aged 1–4 years and in regions with lower coverage.