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Reproductive risk factors assessment for anaemia among pregnant women in India using a multinomial logistic regression model
Author(s) -
Perumal Vanamail
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
tropical medicine and international health
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.056
H-Index - 114
eISSN - 1365-3156
pISSN - 1360-2276
DOI - 10.1111/tmi.12312
Subject(s) - medicine , environmental health , rural area , logistic regression , demography , pregnancy , odds ratio , population , risk factor , multinomial logistic regression , pathology , machine learning , sociology , biology , computer science , genetics
Objective To assess reproductive risk factors for anaemia among pregnant women in urban and rural areas of India. Method The International Institute of Population Sciences, India, carried out third National Family Health Survey in 2005–2006 to estimate a key indicator from a sample of ever‐married women in the reproductive age group 15–49 years. Data on various dimensions were collected using a structured questionnaire, and anaemia was measured using a portable HemoCue instrument. Anaemia prevalence among pregnant women was compared between rural and urban areas using chi‐square test and odds ratio. Multinomial logistic regression analysis was used to determine risk factors. Results Anaemia prevalence was assessed among 3355 pregnant women from rural areas and 1962 pregnant women from urban areas. Moderate‐to‐severe anaemia in rural areas (32.4%) is significantly more common than in urban areas (27.3%) with an excess risk of 30%. Gestational age specific prevalence of anaemia significantly increases in rural areas after 6 months. Pregnancy duration is a significant risk factor in both urban and rural areas. In rural areas, increasing age at marriage and mass media exposure are significant protective factors of anaemia. However, more births in the last five years, alcohol consumption and smoking habits are significant risk factors. Conclusion In rural areas, various reproductive factors and lifestyle characteristics constitute significant risk factors for moderate‐to‐severe anaemia. Therefore, intensive health education on reproductive practices and the impact of lifestyle characteristics are warranted to reduce anaemia prevalence.