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Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis ( B ti ) for the control of dengue vectors: systematic literature review
Author(s) -
Boyce R.,
Lenhart A.,
Kroeger A.,
Velayudhan R.,
Roberts B.,
Horstick O.
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
tropical medicine and international health
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.056
H-Index - 114
eISSN - 1365-3156
pISSN - 1360-2276
DOI - 10.1111/tmi.12087
Subject(s) - cochrane library , checklist , dengue fever , psychological intervention , grey literature , medicine , systematic review , medline , environmental health , randomized controlled trial , surgery , biology , virology , paleontology , biochemistry , psychiatry
Objective To systematically review the literature on the effectiveness of B acillus thuringiensis israelensis ( B ti ) , when used as a single agent in the field, for the control of dengue vectors. Method Systematic literature search of the published and grey literature was carried out using the following databases: MEDLINE , EMBASE , Global Health, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, WHOLIS , ELDIS , the New York Academy of Medicine Gray Literature Report, Africa‐Wide and Google. All results were screened for duplicates and assessed for eligibility. Relevant data were extracted, and a quality assessment was conducted using the CONSORT 2010 checklist. Results Fourteen studies satisfied the eligibility criteria, incorporating a wide range of interventions and outcome measures. Six studies were classified as effectiveness studies, and the remaining eight examined the efficacy of B ti in more controlled settings. Twelve (all eight efficacy studies and 4 of 6 effectiveness studies) reported reductions in entomological indices with an average duration of control of 2–4 weeks. The two effectiveness studies that did not report significant entomological reductions were both cluster‐randomised study designs that utilised basic interventions such as environmental management or general education on environment control practices in their respective control groups. Only one study described a reduction in entomological indices together with epidemiological data, reporting one dengue case in the treated area compared to 15 dengue cases in the untreated area during the observed study period. Conclusion While B ti can be effective in reducing the number of immature A edes in treated containers in the short term, there is very limited evidence that dengue morbidity can be reduced through the use of B ti alone. There is currently insufficient evidence to recommend the use of B ti as a single agent for the long‐term control of dengue vectors and prevention of dengue fever. Further studies examining the role of B ti in combination with other strategies to control dengue vectors are warranted.