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Coinfection of Mycobacterium malmoense and Mycobacterium chimaera in a kidney transplant recipient: A case report and review of the literature
Author(s) -
Maalouly Christian,
Devresse Arnaud,
Martin Anandi,
RodriguezVillalobos Hector,
Kanaan Nada,
Belkhir Leïla
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
transplant infectious disease
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.69
H-Index - 67
eISSN - 1399-3062
pISSN - 1398-2273
DOI - 10.1111/tid.13241
Subject(s) - medicine , nontuberculous mycobacteria , immunosuppression , mycobacterium avium complex , coinfection , mycobacterium , concomitant , immunology , adverse effect , intensive care medicine , pathology , human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) , tuberculosis
Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are ubiquitous organisms found in soil and water. Solid organ recipients are at increased risk of NTM infections due to impaired immunity. Although the NTM infections rate is low, it increases morbidity and the risk of mortality. Diagnosis is often delayed because of the lack of specific clinical symptoms and requires a high index of suspicion. Management may be challenging: long‐term treatment with risks of side effects and interactions with immunosuppressive regimen; reduction of immunosuppression; and risk of allograft rejection. Prognosis is widely variable. We report the first case of Mycobacterium malmoense chest infection with concomitant Mycobacterium chimaera urinary tract infection in a kidney transplant recipient. The evolution was marked by poor tolerance of the treatment with severe adverse events and disabled functional status.