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Influenza and Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in an allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation recipient: Coinfection or superinfection?
Author(s) -
Burke Jacob,
Soubani Ayman O.
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
transplant infectious disease
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.69
H-Index - 67
eISSN - 1399-3062
pISSN - 1398-2273
DOI - 10.1111/tid.12802
Subject(s) - medicine , superinfection , coinfection , pneumocystis jirovecii , pneumonia , hematopoietic stem cell transplantation , immunology , transplantation , population , intensive care medicine , human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) , virus , environmental health
Abstract Influenza infection and Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia ( PJP ) in hematopoietic stem cell transplant ( HSCT ) patients are well characterized; however, no dual infections have been reported in this patient population and little evidence of mechanisms of interaction between the two infections exists. We present a 53‐year‐old male allogeneic HSCT patient on immunosuppressive therapy for the treatment of graft versus host disease initially diagnosed with influenza A H3 and later PJP . Despite the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome, the patient was successfully treated with appropriate antimicrobial therapy and aggressive supportive care. This case demonstrates the necessity of maintaining a high index of suspicion for fungal (including PJP ) coinfection or superinfection in the setting of worsening influenza infection.