C hryseobacterium indologenes in four patients with leukemia

C hryseobacterium indologenes is a rare opportunistic pathogen causing hospital‐acquired infection. We present 4 patients with leukemia associated with C . indologenes infection. Two of the patients, undergoing peripheral blood allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo HSCT ) from human leukocyte antigen‐identical sibling donors, died of pneumonia caused by C . indologenes with or without P seudomonas aeruginosa . Blood infection with C . indologenes was found in the other 2 patients during chemotherapy, 1 of which was a central venous catheter‐related bloodstream infection. Both patients were cured with or without the sensitive antibiotic. Three of these 4 isolates were susceptible to trimethoprim‐sulfamethoxazole only in vitro . Although C . indologenes has a weak toxicity, it can be lethal for the super‐immunocompromised patients, such as those treated with allo HSCT .