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Spontaneous resolution of post‐transplant localized cytomegalovirus lymphadenitis mimicking tumor recurrence
Author(s) -
Kang K.W.,
Lee J.H.,
Choi J.S.,
Lee S.R.,
Park Y.,
Kim B.S.,
Kim I.
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
transplant infectious disease
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.69
H-Index - 67
eISSN - 1399-3062
pISSN - 1398-2273
DOI - 10.1111/tid.12254
Subject(s) - medicine , cytomegalovirus , lymphoid hyperplasia , lymphoma , autologous stem cell transplantation , lymph , lesion , viremia , radiology , pathology , antibody , immunology , herpesviridae , virus , viral disease
Compromised T‐cell immunity persists for up to 1 year after autologous stem cell transplantation ( ASCT ), and patients treated with ASCT are more likely to develop atypical lymphoid hyperplasia that mimics tumor recurrence. Here, we present a case of cervical lymphadenitis due to cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) reactivation in a patient who had undergone ASCT for Burkitt lymphoma, which mimicked tumor recurrence on computed tomography and positron emission tomography‐computed tomography 6 months after ASCT . This lesion was confined to the regional lymph nodes and was not accompanied by signs of systemic involvement, such as fever, splenomegaly, an elevated C‐reactive protein level, or viremia. The localized CMV lymphadenitis resolved spontaneously without treatment after 6 months (12 months after ASCT ) and the elevated CMV immunoglobulin‐M titer normalized 6 months after resolution. Our experience with this case suggests that cautious follow‐up without anti‐ CMV treatment should be considered in cases of post‐ ASCT localized CMV lymphadenitis without systemic involvement in patients with complete engraftment.