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Molecular characterization of foot‐and‐mouth disease viruses circulating in Ethiopia between 2008 and 2019
Author(s) -
Gizaw Daniel,
Tesfaye Yeneneh,
Wood Britta A.,
Di Nardo Antonello,
Shegu Dereje,
Muluneh Ayelech,
Bilata Tsion,
Belayneh Rediet,
Fentie Ayenalem,
Asgdome Hagose,
Sombo Melaku,
Rufael Tesfaye,
Tadesse Woldemariyam Fanos,
Khan Fazlurrahman,
Yami Martha,
Gelaye Esayas,
Wadsworth Jemma,
Knowles Nick J.,
King Donald P.
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
transboundary and emerging diseases
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.392
H-Index - 63
eISSN - 1865-1682
pISSN - 1865-1674
DOI - 10.1111/tbed.13675
Subject(s) - foot and mouth disease virus , foot and mouth disease , serotype , virology , clade , phylogenetic tree , biology , livestock , virus , gene , ecology , genetics
One of the constraints to controlling foot‐and‐mouth disease (FMD) in East Africa is the incomplete knowledge of the specific FMD virus (FMDV) strains circulating and the way in which these viruses move across countries in the region. This retrospective study focuses on Ethiopia, which has one of the largest FMD‐susceptible livestock populations in Africa. Analyses of FMDV positive samples collected between 2008 and 2019 demonstrate that serotypes O ( n = 175), A ( n = 51) and SAT 2 ( n = 33) were present in the country. Phylogenetic analysis of the VP1 sequences for these viruses showed that there were at least seven different FMD viral clades circulating during this period: O/EA‐3, O/EA‐4, A/AFRICA/G‐I, A/AFRICA/G‐IV, A/AFRICA/G‐VII, SAT2/VII and SAT2/XIII. Although these results only represent a snapshot and might not reflect all FMDV lineages that were present, they highlight the importance of serotype O, as well as the complexity and co‐existence of FMDV serotypes in Ethiopia and surrounding countries. These sequence data also support the idea that there are two FMDV ecosystems existing in East Africa. Data from retrospective studies, such as these presented here, will be beneficial for vaccine selection and vaccination campaigns to control FMDV within Ethiopia.