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Emergence of a novel highly pathogenic recombinant virus from three lineages of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus 2 in China 2017
Author(s) -
Chen Nanhua,
Ye Mengxue,
Li Shuai,
Huang Yucheng,
Zhou Rongyun,
Yu Xiuling,
Tian Kegong,
Zhu Jianzhong
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
transboundary and emerging diseases
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.392
H-Index - 63
eISSN - 1865-1682
pISSN - 1865-1674
DOI - 10.1111/tbed.12952
Subject(s) - biology , porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus , virus , phylogenetic tree , lineage (genetic) , virology , genome , phylogenetics , recombinant dna , recombination , genetics , highly pathogenic , gene , influenza a virus subtype h5n1
A novel porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus 2 ( PRRSV 2) was isolated from diseased piglets in Shandong, China in 2017 and denominated as SD17‐38. ORF 5 sequencing showed that SD 17‐38 contains a unique serine/asparagine deletion at position 33 and an asparagine insertion at position 60 of GP 5, which has never been described. The SD 17‐38 complete genome was then determined, and genome‐based phylogenetic analysis showed that SD 17‐38 is clustered with NADC 30‐like isolates. Sequence alignment and recombination analyses by RDP 4 and SimPlot all indicated that SD 17‐38 is a recombinant virus from NADC 30 (lineage 1), BJ ‐4 (lineage 5) and TJ (lineage 8) isolates. Animal challenge study in 4‐week piglets showed that SD 17‐38 causes high fever (≥41°C), 100% morbidity and 40% mortality. In addition, significantly lower weight gain and severe histopathological lung lesions could be observed in SD 17‐38‐infected pigs. In particular, the unique deletion and insertion in GP 5 were stable during the challenge study. This study provides direct evidence for the natural occurrence of recombination events among three lineages of PRRSV 2 in Chinese swine herds, resulting in the emergence of novel PRRSV variant with unique genetic property and high pathogenicity.