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Circulation of Porcine Parvovirus Types 1 through 6 in Serum Samples Obtained from Six Commercial Polish Pig Farms
Author(s) -
Cui J.,
Biernacka K.,
Fan J.,
Gerber P. F.,
Stadejek T.,
Opriessnig T.
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
transboundary and emerging diseases
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.392
H-Index - 63
eISSN - 1865-1682
pISSN - 1865-1674
DOI - 10.1111/tbed.12593
Subject(s) - seroconversion , herd , biology , porcine parvovirus , virology , population , parvovirus , genotype , veterinary medicine , antibody , serology , virus , zoology , immunology , medicine , biochemistry , environmental health , gene
Summary Porcine parvoviruses are small non‐enveloped DNA viruses, very resistant to inactivation, and ubiquitous in the global pig population. Porcine parvovirus type 1 ( PPV 1) has been known since the 1960s and is a major causative agent of reproductive failure in breeding herds. During the last decade, several new parvoviruses have been identified in pigs by molecular methods and have been consecutively designated as PPV 2 through PPV 6. Epidemiology data for these viruses are limited, and the impact of these newly recognized parvoviruses on pigs is largely unknown. To further generate knowledge on the distribution of PPV s in pigs, a total of 247 serum samples were collected from six commercial Polish pig farms during 2013–2015 and tested by PCR assays and ELISA s. The pigs ranged from two to 18 weeks of age at sample collection. Breeding herds supplying the investigated farms were routinely vaccinated against PPV 1. While all growing pig samples were negative for PPV 1 DNA , young pigs were frequently negative for PPV 1 antibodies and seroconversion to PPV 1 was commonly seen at 9–10 weeks of age. The PPV 2 antibody detection was highest in young pigs (2–6‐week‐old) and decreased in older pigs indicating passively acquired antibodies. The DNA prevalence rates in the serum samples analysed were 19% for PPV 2, 7.7% for PPV 3, 2.4% for PPV 4, 4.0% for PPV 5 and 6.1% for PPV 6. Most PPV DNA ‐positive samples were identified in 9‐ to 18‐week‐old pigs with no obvious association with disease on the farm. All recently emerging PPV genotypes were detected in Polish farms. Similar to previous reports in other pig populations, PPV 2 was the most frequent PPV genotype circulating in Poland.