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Emergence of Foot‐and‐Mouth Disease Virus SAT 2 in E gypt During 2012
Author(s) -
Ahmed H. A.,
Salem S. A. H.,
Habashi A. R.,
Arafa A. A.,
Aggour M. G. A.,
Salem G. H.,
Gaber A. S.,
Selem O.,
Abdelkader S. H.,
Knowles N. J.,
Madi M.,
ValdazoGonzález B.,
Wadsworth J.,
Hutchings G. H.,
Mioulet V.,
Hammond J. M.,
King D. P.
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
transboundary and emerging diseases
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.392
H-Index - 63
eISSN - 1865-1682
pISSN - 1865-1674
DOI - 10.1111/tbed.12015
Subject(s) - foot and mouth disease virus , virology , foot and mouth disease , virus , disease , biology , medicine , pathology
Summary The epidemiology of foot‐and‐mouth disease ( FMD ) in N orth A frica is complicated by the co‐circulation of endemic FMD viruses ( FMDV ), as well as sporadic incursions of exotic viral strains from the M iddle E ast and S ub‐ S aharan A frica. This report describes the molecular characterization of SAT 2 FMD viruses that have caused widespread field outbreaks of FMD in E gypt during F ebruary and M arch 2012. Phylogenetic analysis showed that viruses from these outbreaks fell into two distinct lineages within the SAT 2 topotype VII , which were distinct from a contemporary SAT 2 lineage of the same toptype from L ibya. These were the first FMD outbreaks due to this serotype in E gypt since 1950 and required the development of a tailored real‐time reverse‐transcription PCR assay that can be used in the laboratory to distinguish FMD viruses of these lineages from other endemic FMD viruses that might be present in N orth A frica. These data highlight the ease by which FMDV can cross international boundaries and emphasize the importance of deploying systems to continuously monitor the global epidemiology of this disease.